The report by Audit Scotland added that the recession has caused a large reduction in both public and private funding for house building and the supply of new properties is not able to keep up with the demand.
It also said that it could be a further 20 years before enough homes are constructed in order to meet the projected increase in households.
The body said that the Government needs to work with its local authorities and other partners to meet its "ambitious" targets.
Elsewhere, the Housing in Scotland report claimed that private sector house building has more than halved in recent years, while councils and Registered Social Landlords (RSL) have built 14,000 fewer homes since 2005 than previously studies have suggested were needed.
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In addition to the economic downturn, other factors adding further pressure on the industry include changes to the benefit system, an ageing population and the increasing number of single person households.
Caroline Gardner, Auditor General for Scotland, said: "Housing is a significant national asset and the sector in Scotland is under increasing pressure. Budgets are tightening, while demand is increasing and fewer houses are being built."
John Baillie, Chair of the Accounts Commission, added: "Good housing is important for individuals and families but also for wider society. It can support economic growth, promote strong, resilient communities and improve health.
"Links between housing and other policy areas at both national and local level should be stronger, to help improve the impact that good housing can make to our communities."
The Housing in Scotland report was produced for the Auditor General and the Accounts Commission.
In response to the findings, a spokesman for the Scottish Government is quoted by the BBC as saying it had taken "decisive action" to improve housing in Scotland.
(JP/CD)
